Abstract: The articlediscusses the main tasks which are important for Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore are, these are the issues of ensuring the highest standards of management, transparency, corporative management and supremacy of law. The conducted analysis lets us conclude that for the leaders of the association there is a difficult task of maintaining the work of the organization in such conditions when there are big changes in the organization, region and the world. Keywords: ASEAN, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, regionalism, foreign policy, integration processes, cooperation. The historical conditions and political aspects of the develop-ment of South-Asian countries in the second half of the XX cen-tury brought about “rise, institutional shape and development of the unique regional organization, whose existence is considered to be one of the successful regional integrations” [1, 29].According to E.G.Mirakyan huge “significance in forming ASEAN is due to the world system after the Second World War, first, due to the appearance of socialistic states, due to the fact that some states became independent and their tendency of leading a policy of neutrality, the weakening of military-strategic positions of the UK, the rise of military-political block ANZYUS, the expansion of the influence of the USA, the aspiration for the bipolar structure of APR” [2, 12]. Thanks to the circumstances in this region, all of the conditions for the uniting the states into the regional organiza-tion were created, and the main function of this organization would be the unification of mutually dependent and mutually connected states on the base of regionalism. On the whole the process of form-ing and developing ASEAN is the result of the process of regionaliza -tion based on their political cooperation, and also the cooperation in the sphere of education, science and culture.Today ASEAN is at the third place after the European Union and NAFTA and it is among the most developed unions in the world whose main target is the integration of states with economic and political benefits for itself [1, 28–37].Member-states of ASEAN significantly differ from each other according to their level of economic and political development. For example, Singapore is the combination of postindustrial state, the world’s financial center and the biggest sea transport junction, while Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines and Indonesia are the countries which mainly develop thanks to the development of such industrial fields which are directed into export. Thus, our compatriot researcher A. A. Sharapov is right in saying that the ex -pansion and further functioning of ASEAN has become the result of uniting two mutually supplementing processes of regionaliza-tion and globalization [3, 75–77].As we know at first the organization of ASEAN was estab-lished mainly for cooperation in the economic direction, however, the importance of building international relations directed into political cooperation was already emphasized in Bangkok declara-tion [4, 45–50]. This is also noted by Russian researcher N.P. Ma- letin, who emphasizes that “Despite its declared aims of economic cooperation ASEAN from the beginning of its functioning has been solving political issues” [5, 56–72].The main motive of establishing ASEAN was the complicated political situation at that time in the 60s in South-East Asia and for this region it was usual to maintain the communistic ideology at the north of the region, and this ideology was threatening to spread to the south of the region. What’s more, the war in Vietnam created the tense political atmosphere in the region and the political consolida -tion of countries was necessary.In such situation for the states of this region firstly, the problem of modernization of the economics, the maintenance of political stability, the maintenance of the independence of peace, the rise of their image and influence on the world arena were important. This fact was considered positive not only in South-East Asian countries. For example, the vice-president of the USA H. Haffrey during his visit to Indonesia in 1967 said that “establishing ASEAN is very important for creating the barrier on the way of spreading communism in South-East Asia, the USA are supporting ASEAN whose members’ coopera -tion must help maintain defense in this region” [5, 9].Certainly, the states of ASEAN had to react to the cardinal shifts in global international structure, which were happening in 60–70- s of XX century. One of these reactions was that the mem-bers of ASEAN accepted the Malaysian conception of neutralization of South-East Asia, and this conception was first declared in Kuala-Lumpur in 1968 during the discussion of joining of Malaysia the agreement on collective defense with the participation of the UK, Austtralia, New Zealand and Singapore.Thus, the establishment of ASEAN as a political union was took place during the first decade of its existence. In our opinion, the most important result of this stage of development of the or-ganization was the Declaration of peace, freedom and neutrality adopted in November, 1971, in which the states of ASEAN under -took to build their relations on the base of principles of peaceful coexistence, to refrain from participating in the conflicts between the great powers, and also to refrain from giving their territories for the foreign military bases.ASEAN hold its 6
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Mar 21, 2024
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